Located within the historic Galle Fort, the National Maritime Archaeology Museum is a key institution dedicated to preserving Sri Lanka’s extensive maritime history. Housed in a 1671 Dutch warehouse above the Old Gate of the fort, the museum first opened on 9 May 1992 and was later restored following the devastating 2004 tsunami.
Historical Background
The museum building was originally constructed as part of the Dutch fortifications in Galle, a significant site during the Dutch period. The VOC (Dutch East India Company) insignia still marks its entrance, and the British Coat of Arms above the Old Gate reflects the British colonial era that followed. Prior to becoming a museum, the warehouse served various purposes, including as an administrative office. In its early years, the museum focused on the region’s marine ecosystem, featuring exhibits on fishing, seafaring, and marine biodiversity.
Impact of the 2004 Tsunami and Restoration
The 2004 Asian tsunami inflicted substantial damage on the museum, resulting in the loss of approximately 80% of its original 3,600 artifacts and the destruction of the UNESCO Maritime Archaeology Unit. Fortunately, support from the Royal Government of the Netherlands enabled its restoration, and the museum reopened on 4 March 2010, showcasing an updated collection within the restored 40,000-square-foot Dutch warehouse.
Exhibits and Collections
Today, the museum displays a remarkable collection of marine artifacts recovered from shipwrecks off Sri Lanka’s southern coast, including:
- Historic maps, naval craft, and ropes
- Earthenware, beer mugs, and smoking pipes
- Artillery guns, barrels, and sailor shoes
Many of these artifacts are centuries old, dating back up to 800 years, providing a glimpse into Sri Lanka’s historical trade routes and connections with the world. The museum highlights both local fishing traditions and Sri Lanka’s participation in global maritime commerce.
A Testament to Resilience and Heritage
The National Maritime Archaeology Museum stands as a testament to Sri Lanka’s rich maritime heritage and resilience in the face of adversity. From its origins as a Dutch warehouse to its transformation into a center for maritime history, the museum continues to play an essential role in preserving and showcasing the island’s underwater archaeological treasures, making it an invaluable resource for history enthusiasts and travelers alike.
